Category: First-Time Home Buyer

First-time home buyer guides, tips, and mortgage resources for 2026.

  • Renting vs Buying a Home: Which Makes More Financial Sense in 2026?

    The renting vs. buying question does not have a universal answer. The right choice depends on your timeline, local market, financial situation, and personal priorities. This guide lays out the real financial math so you can make an informed decision rather than an emotional one.

    If you decide to buy: Compare mortgage rates on LendingTree — the rate you qualify for significantly changes the buy-vs-rent math.

    The True Cost of Renting

    Renting costs are relatively transparent:

    • Monthly rent payment
    • Renter’s insurance ($15–$30/month)
    • Any utilities not included in rent
    • Security deposit (one-time, typically refundable)
    • Moving costs

    What renting lacks: equity accumulation and fixed housing costs. Rents increase over time, and you have no asset to show for years of payments.

    The True Cost of Buying

    Homeownership costs are less transparent and are consistently underestimated by first-time buyers. The full picture:

    • Mortgage payment (principal + interest)
    • Property taxes (national average: approximately $2,800/year, varies enormously by state)
    • Homeowner’s insurance ($1,500–$3,000/year)
    • PMI if down payment is below 20% (0.5–1.5% of loan annually)
    • HOA fees where applicable
    • Maintenance and repairs (industry rule of thumb: 1–2% of home value per year)
    • Closing costs when buying (2–5% of loan amount)
    • Transaction costs when selling (5–6% agent commissions plus closing costs)

    A $350,000 home with a 5% down payment might have an all-in monthly cost of $2,800–$3,200 even if the principal and interest payment is only $1,900. See our closing costs guide for a full breakdown of upfront expenses.

    The Break-Even Timeline

    Because buying involves significant transaction costs, there is a minimum period you need to stay in a home before ownership breaks even with renting. The general rule of thumb is 3–5 years, but the actual break-even depends on:

    • Local home appreciation rate
    • How much rent would increase over the same period
    • Your mortgage rate (higher rate = longer break-even)
    • Your down payment size (larger down = shorter break-even)
    • Property taxes in your area

    In high-appreciation markets like many coastal cities, the break-even may be 2–3 years. In flat appreciation markets, it may be 5–7 years. If you are likely to move in under 3 years, renting is usually the better financial choice.

    The Equity Argument for Buying

    The primary wealth-building argument for homeownership is forced savings through equity. Every mortgage payment includes a portion of principal paydown, and home values have historically appreciated over time. Research from the Federal Reserve shows that the median net worth of homeowners is substantially higher than that of renters — though this correlation partly reflects that higher-income households are more likely to buy.

    Key points:

    • In the early years of a 30-year mortgage, most of each payment is interest. On a $300,000 loan at 7%, less than $300 of the first month’s payment goes to principal.
    • Home appreciation is not guaranteed and varies dramatically by location and market cycle
    • Renters who invest the difference between their rent and what homeownership would cost can build comparable wealth — but this requires discipline most people do not maintain

    When Renting Makes More Sense

    • You plan to move within 2–3 years
    • You are in a high price-to-rent ratio market (home prices are very high relative to rents)
    • Your emergency fund and savings are not yet solid enough to handle homeownership costs
    • Your income or employment is unstable
    • Local rents are significantly below what ownership would cost

    When Buying Makes More Sense

    • You plan to stay for 5+ years
    • Rent and ownership costs are comparable in your market
    • You have stable income and solid emergency savings
    • Local appreciation has been historically strong
    • You value stability and the ability to customize your space
    • Mortgage payments would lock in costs while rent continues to rise

    Price-to-Rent Ratio by Market Type

    The price-to-rent ratio is calculated by dividing the home price by annual rent for a comparable property. A ratio below 15 generally favors buying; above 20 generally favors renting; 15–20 is a gray zone where personal timeline matters most.

    In many Midwest and Southern markets, ratios run 12–16, favoring buying. In many coastal cities, ratios run 25–40+, strongly favoring renting unless you plan to stay long-term and expect strong appreciation.

    Lender Comparison

    Lender Est. Rate Range Min Credit Score Min Down Payment Best For
    LendingTree Varies by lender 580 (FHA) / 620 (conv.) 3.5% (FHA) / 3% (conv.) Comparing multiple offers at once
    Rocket Mortgage Competitive market rates 580 (FHA) / 620 (conv.) 3.5% (FHA) / 1% (ONE+ program) Fast digital approval process
    Better.com Competitive market rates 620 3% Low-fee online experience
    New American Funding Competitive market rates 500 (FHA) / 620 (conv.) 3.5% (FHA) / 3% (conv.) Buyers with lower credit scores

    Bottom Line

    Neither renting nor buying is universally superior. Run the numbers for your specific market, your timeline, and your financial situation. If the math supports buying and your timeline is 5+ years, getting a competitive mortgage rate is the next step.

    Compare mortgage rates on LendingTree to see what your monthly costs would actually be.

    Also see: Complete first-time buyer guide | Closing costs breakdown

  • Best Mortgage Lenders for First-Time Buyers 2026

    Choosing a mortgage lender is not a one-size-fits-all decision. The best lender for a buyer with a 580 credit score and 3.5% down is different from the best lender for a buyer with a 750 score putting down 10%. This guide compares the top lenders by borrower profile so you can identify the right fit for your situation.

    The fastest way to find your best rate: Compare personalized rates on LendingTree — one application shows you what multiple lenders will actually offer based on your credit profile.

    Top Mortgage Lenders for First-Time Buyers in 2026

    LendingTree — Best for Rate Comparison

    LendingTree is a lending marketplace, not a direct lender. You submit a single application and receive offers from multiple lenders simultaneously. This structure makes it the most efficient tool for rate shopping, which research shows saves buyers an average of $1,500–$3,000 over the life of the loan.

    • Min. credit score: Varies by lender (580 for FHA lenders in network)
    • Min. down payment: Varies by loan type
    • Best for: Buyers who want to compare multiple offers without submitting multiple applications
    • Standout: Single application triggers offers from multiple competing lenders

    Compare offers on LendingTree

    Rocket Mortgage — Best for Speed and Digital Experience

    Rocket Mortgage (part of Rocket Companies) is the largest mortgage lender in the United States by volume. Its digital platform allows buyers to complete most of the application and document submission process online without phone calls or in-person meetings. Known for fast pre-approval turnaround.

    • Min. credit score: 580 (FHA), 620 (conventional)
    • Min. down payment: 3.5% (FHA), 1% (ONE+ program for eligible buyers)
    • Best for: Tech-comfortable buyers who want a fast, fully digital process
    • Standout: ONE+ program allows 1% down on conventional loans for eligible borrowers

    Get a rate from Rocket Mortgage

    Better.com — Best for Low Fees

    Better.com is a direct lender known for transparent pricing and a low-fee structure. No origination fees, no commission-based loan officers, and a fully digital process. Published rate data suggests competitive pricing particularly for conventional loans.

    • Min. credit score: 620
    • Min. down payment: 3% (conventional)
    • Best for: Buyers with good credit who want to minimize lender fees and prefer digital process
    • Standout: No origination fee; rate-match guarantee

    Get a rate from Better.com

    New American Funding — Best for Lower Credit Scores

    New American Funding is a direct lender known for working with borrowers who have credit challenges. They accept FHA applications with credit scores as low as 500 (with 10% down) and use manual underwriting to evaluate borrowers who do not qualify through automated systems.

    • Min. credit score: 500 (FHA with 10% down), 580 (FHA with 3.5% down), 620 (conventional)
    • Min. down payment: 3.5% (FHA)
    • Best for: Buyers with lower credit scores or non-traditional income documentation
    • Standout: Accepts scores down to 500 for FHA; bilingual service available

    Get a rate from New American Funding

    How to Choose the Right Lender for Your Situation

    Your Situation Best Starting Point
    Credit score 740+, putting down 10%+ Better.com or LendingTree marketplace
    Credit score 620–739, any down payment LendingTree (compare multiple offers)
    Credit score 580–619, FHA route Rocket Mortgage, New American Funding, or LendingTree
    Credit score below 580 New American Funding (will go to 500 with 10% down)
    Want fastest digital experience Rocket Mortgage or Better.com
    Veteran/active military Compare VA specialists via LendingTree
    Rural area USDA eligible Compare USDA lenders via LendingTree

    What to Compare Across Lenders

    When you have quotes from multiple lenders, compare Loan Estimates (the standardized form lenders are required to provide). Focus on:

    • APR vs. rate: APR includes fees, making it a more accurate comparison for total cost
    • Section A of closing costs: Origination charges are where lenders vary most
    • Discount points: Points you pay to reduce the rate — compare total cost at your expected time in the home
    • Rate lock terms: Length of the lock and cost of extensions

    See our rate shopping guide for the complete comparison process.

    Bottom Line

    The best mortgage lender is the one offering the lowest total cost for your specific credit profile and loan type. No single lender wins across all scenarios. The most reliable approach is to compare at least three quotes before choosing.

    Compare personalized quotes on LendingTree — the starting point for any serious rate comparison.

    Also see: Loan type comparison: FHA vs. conventional vs. VA vs. USDA | How to get pre-approved

  • FHA vs Conventional Loan for First-Time Buyers: Which Is Better?

    The FHA vs. conventional loan decision is one of the most important choices a first-time buyer makes, and getting it wrong costs money. The right answer depends on your credit score, down payment amount, and how long you plan to stay in the home.

    Compare FHA and conventional lenders side-by-side: Get quotes for both loan types on LendingTree — actual rate differences vary by lender and borrower profile.

    Quick Comparison: FHA vs. Conventional

    Feature FHA Loan Conventional Loan
    Min. Credit Score 580 (3.5% down) / 500 (10% down) 620 (most lenders)
    Min. Down Payment 3.5% 3% (some programs)
    Mortgage Insurance Required for life of loan (if <10% down) Required until 20% equity; can be removed
    Loan Limits (2026) $524,225 (standard) / up to $1,209,750 (high-cost) $806,500 (standard conforming)
    DTI Limit Up to 57% (with compensating factors) Up to 45–50% (varies by lender)
    Property Standards Stricter (FHA appraisal required) Standard appraisal

    Mortgage Insurance: The Biggest Cost Difference

    FHA mortgage insurance is the largest long-term cost difference between these loan types.

    FHA loans require two types of mortgage insurance:

    • Upfront MIP: 1.75% of the loan amount added to your loan balance at closing. On a $300,000 loan, that is $5,250.
    • Annual MIP: 0.55% of the outstanding loan balance per year for most 30-year loans with less than 10% down. This is paid monthly as part of your mortgage payment.

    If you put less than 10% down on an FHA loan, you pay annual MIP for the entire life of the loan — 30 years. The only way to eliminate it is to refinance into a conventional loan after you reach 20% equity.

    Conventional loans require PMI when you put down less than 20%, but PMI can be canceled. Once your loan-to-value ratio reaches 80%, you can request removal. At 78% LTV, the lender must remove it automatically under federal law.

    When FHA Wins

    FHA is typically the better choice when:

    • Your credit score is below 660
    • Your debt-to-income ratio is above 45%
    • You have had a recent bankruptcy, foreclosure, or collections (FHA has shorter waiting periods)
    • You have limited savings and cannot put down more than 3.5%

    See our full FHA loan requirements guide for complete eligibility details.

    When Conventional Wins

    Conventional is typically the better choice when:

    • Your credit score is 720 or higher (PMI rates drop significantly at higher scores)
    • You can put down 10% or more (PMI is temporary and cheaper than FHA MIP)
    • You plan to stay in the home long enough to build 20% equity and cancel PMI
    • You are buying a higher-priced home above FHA loan limits
    • The property needs repairs that would fail an FHA appraisal

    The Credit Score Crossover Point

    At a 620 credit score, FHA rates are often competitive with conventional. At 680+, conventional rates and PMI costs often make it the cheaper monthly option. At 740+, conventional is almost always cheaper when you factor in the elimination of lifetime MIP.

    The math varies by lender. The best approach is to request quotes for both loan types with the same down payment and compare the total monthly cost including mortgage insurance.

    Lender Comparison

    Lender Est. Rate Range Min Credit Score Min Down Payment Best For
    LendingTree Varies by lender 580 (FHA) / 620 (conv.) 3.5% (FHA) / 3% (conv.) Comparing multiple offers at once
    Rocket Mortgage Competitive market rates 580 (FHA) / 620 (conv.) 3.5% (FHA) / 1% (ONE+ program) Fast digital approval process
    Better.com Competitive market rates 620 3% Low-fee online experience
    New American Funding Competitive market rates 500 (FHA) / 620 (conv.) 3.5% (FHA) / 3% (conv.) Buyers with lower credit scores

    Bottom Line

    FHA loans are the right choice for buyers with lower credit scores or higher debt loads. Conventional loans are better for buyers with strong credit who want to avoid long-term mortgage insurance costs. Compare both loan types before committing.

    Compare FHA and conventional quotes on LendingTree — the right choice becomes obvious once you see the actual numbers side by side.

    Also see: Full loan type comparison: FHA vs. conventional vs. VA vs. USDA

  • What Is PMI and How Do First-Time Buyers Avoid It?

    Private mortgage insurance (PMI) adds $50–$300 or more to your monthly mortgage payment, and most first-time buyers have no idea it exists until their first loan estimate arrives. This guide explains exactly what PMI is, what it costs, and the options available for eliminating it.

    Some lenders charge significantly less for PMI: Compare PMI rates across lenders on LendingTree — the difference can be hundreds of dollars per year.

    What Is PMI?

    PMI is insurance that protects the lender — not you — if you default on your mortgage. It is required by conventional lenders when your down payment is less than 20% of the home’s purchase price. This threshold exists because research shows that borrowers with less than 20% equity default at higher rates.

    PMI does not cover your mortgage payments if you lose your job. It does not pay off your loan if you die. Those products (mortgage payment protection insurance and mortgage life insurance) are separate and optional. PMI exists solely to protect the lender’s investment.

    How Much Does PMI Cost?

    PMI rates depend on your loan-to-value ratio, credit score, and loan type. Typical rates run 0.5–1.5% of the loan amount per year.

    Loan Amount PMI Rate Annual PMI Cost Monthly PMI Cost
    $250,000 0.7% $1,750 $146
    $300,000 0.8% $2,400 $200
    $350,000 0.9% $3,150 $263
    $400,000 1.0% $4,000 $333

    Higher credit scores get lower PMI rates. A borrower with a 760 score pays significantly less than a borrower with a 680 score on the same loan amount. See our credit score guide for specifics on how scores affect mortgage costs.

    FHA MIP vs. Conventional PMI

    FHA loans do not use PMI — they use Mortgage Insurance Premiums (MIP), which work differently:

    • FHA upfront MIP: 1.75% of the loan amount added to your balance at closing
    • FHA annual MIP: 0.55% per year for most 30-year loans with less than 10% down
    • FHA MIP on loans with less than 10% down: required for the life of the loan

    Conventional PMI is typically cheaper on a monthly basis and can be canceled. FHA MIP on a 30-year loan with less than 10% down cannot be removed — only refinancing eliminates it. See our FHA vs. conventional comparison for the full cost breakdown.

    How to Cancel PMI

    Under the Homeowners Protection Act, lenders must automatically cancel PMI when your loan balance reaches 78% of the original purchase price. You can also request cancellation when you reach 80% LTV based on the original appraisal value.

    Steps to request early cancellation:

    1. Confirm your current loan balance with your servicer
    2. Calculate your LTV: (loan balance / original appraised value) x 100
    3. If LTV is at or below 80%, submit a written request to your servicer
    4. The servicer may require a new appraisal to verify value has not declined

    How to Avoid PMI Entirely

    Put Down 20%

    The most straightforward approach. On a $300,000 home, a 20% down payment is $60,000. For many first-time buyers, this is not realistic.

    Lender-Paid PMI (LPMI)

    Some lenders offer to pay PMI in exchange for a slightly higher interest rate. This is called lender-paid PMI or LPMI. The tradeoff: your monthly payment may be similar, but because the PMI is built into the rate, you cannot cancel it the way you can with borrower-paid PMI.

    Piggyback Loan (80/10/10)

    A piggyback loan structure uses a first mortgage at 80% LTV plus a second mortgage (HELOC or home equity loan) for 10%, with a 10% down payment. This avoids PMI on the primary mortgage. The second loan typically has a higher rate, so run the numbers carefully.

    VA and USDA Loans

    VA loans have no PMI requirement regardless of down payment. USDA loans charge a guarantee fee instead (1% upfront + 0.35% annual), which is typically cheaper than conventional PMI. Eligible buyers should always compare these options. See our VA loan guide and USDA loan guide for details.

    Lender Comparison

    Lender Est. Rate Range Min Credit Score Min Down Payment Best For
    LendingTree Varies by lender 580 (FHA) / 620 (conv.) 3.5% (FHA) / 3% (conv.) Comparing multiple offers at once
    Rocket Mortgage Competitive market rates 580 (FHA) / 620 (conv.) 3.5% (FHA) / 1% (ONE+ program) Fast digital approval process
    Better.com Competitive market rates 620 3% Low-fee online experience
    New American Funding Competitive market rates 500 (FHA) / 620 (conv.) 3.5% (FHA) / 3% (conv.) Buyers with lower credit scores

    Bottom Line

    PMI is a cost, not a deal-breaker. For buyers who cannot put down 20%, accepting PMI in exchange for entering the market and building equity often makes more financial sense than waiting. The key is to choose a lender with competitive PMI rates and to cancel it as soon as you reach 20% equity.

    Compare lenders and PMI rates on LendingTree — some lenders are significantly cheaper than others.

  • How to Shop Mortgage Rates Without Hurting Your Credit Score

    Many first-time buyers get only one mortgage quote because they are afraid that shopping around will damage their credit score. This is a common misconception that costs buyers thousands of dollars. Understanding how credit inquiries work for mortgage applications allows you to compare rates freely.

    Compare multiple lenders with one credit pull: Get rate quotes on LendingTree — single application, multiple lenders, minimal credit impact.

    How Mortgage Inquiries Affect Your Credit Score

    When a lender pulls your credit as part of a mortgage application, it is recorded as a “hard inquiry.” A single hard inquiry typically reduces your credit score by 5 points or less and has minimal long-term impact.

    However, the major credit bureaus (Equifax, Experian, TransUnion) use a “rate shopping window” specifically designed to protect borrowers who are comparing mortgage lenders. Multiple mortgage inquiries within a defined window are counted as a single inquiry for scoring purposes.

    The Rate Shopping Window

    The length of the window depends on which credit scoring model the lender uses:

    • FICO Score 2, 4, 5: 14-day window (older models used by many mortgage lenders)
    • FICO Score 8 and 9: 45-day window
    • VantageScore 3.0 and 4.0: 14-day window

    Practical guidance: complete all your mortgage shopping within a 14-day period to ensure coverage under any scoring model. If you need more time, 45 days covers FICO Score 8, which is widely used.

    What “Shopping” Actually Requires

    Not all lender interactions trigger a hard inquiry. The inquiry only occurs when you formally apply for a mortgage and the lender pulls your credit report. Initial rate quotes — especially online rate calculators or quote tools that ask for basic information — often use soft inquiries that do not affect your score at all.

    Ask lenders explicitly: “Will you pull my credit for this quote, or is this a soft inquiry?” Reputable lenders will tell you.

    How to Compare Rates Accurately

    To make a meaningful comparison across lenders, request a Loan Estimate from each. Lenders are required by law to provide a standardized Loan Estimate within three business days of receiving a complete application. The Loan Estimate shows:

    • Loan amount and loan type
    • Interest rate and APR
    • Monthly principal and interest payment
    • Estimated monthly taxes, insurance, and mortgage insurance
    • Closing costs broken down by category
    • Cash to close

    Do not compare lenders based on verbal quotes or rate advertised on their website — those do not reflect your actual credit profile. The Loan Estimate does.

    What to Give Every Lender

    To get accurate quotes, each lender needs the same information:

    • Purchase price and location of the property
    • Down payment amount
    • Loan type requested (FHA, conventional, VA, USDA)
    • Your estimated credit score range (they will pull the actual score)
    • Property type (single-family, condo, etc.)
    • Intended occupancy (primary residence)

    Provide identical information to each lender so you are comparing equivalent quotes.

    What to Compare Beyond the Interest Rate

    The interest rate alone is not the full picture. Compare:

    • APR: Includes the interest rate plus lender fees, giving a more complete cost comparison
    • Origination fees: Lenders vary significantly here — some charge $0, others charge 1%+ of the loan
    • Discount points: Paying points to buy down the rate changes the math — compare total cost at your expected time in the home
    • Closing costs: Section A (lender fees) is where lenders differ most; Sections B–E are mostly fixed third-party costs
    • Rate lock period: A 30-day lock is cheaper than a 60-day lock; know your timeline

    How Many Lenders Should You Compare?

    CFPB research shows that getting at least two quotes saves an average of $1,500, and five quotes saves an average of $3,000 over the life of the loan. Three to five lenders is the recommended range for most buyers.

    Include at least one direct lender (Rocket Mortgage, Better.com), one marketplace (LendingTree), and your current bank or credit union. Credit unions frequently offer competitive rates for members.

    Lender Comparison

    Lender Est. Rate Range Min Credit Score Min Down Payment Best For
    LendingTree Varies by lender 580 (FHA) / 620 (conv.) 3.5% (FHA) / 3% (conv.) Comparing multiple offers at once
    Rocket Mortgage Competitive market rates 580 (FHA) / 620 (conv.) 3.5% (FHA) / 1% (ONE+ program) Fast digital approval process
    Better.com Competitive market rates 620 3% Low-fee online experience
    New American Funding Competitive market rates 500 (FHA) / 620 (conv.) 3.5% (FHA) / 3% (conv.) Buyers with lower credit scores

    Bottom Line

    Rate shopping within a 14-day window has minimal credit impact and can save thousands of dollars. The buyers who skip this step out of fear of credit damage are the ones paying more than necessary for the same loan.

    Compare rates from multiple lenders on LendingTree — one application, multiple offers, controlled credit impact.

    Also see: How to get pre-approved for a mortgage | Credit score requirements for first-time buyers

  • First-Time Home Buyer Options With Bad Credit in 2026

    A low credit score does not automatically disqualify you from buying a home. Several loan programs are specifically designed for borrowers with imperfect credit, and knowing which programs you qualify for is the first step.

    Find lenders that work with lower credit scores: Compare options on LendingTree — includes lenders that specialize in FHA loans for buyers with credit challenges.

    What “Bad Credit” Means for Mortgage Lenders

    Lenders define credit tiers differently, but here is a general breakdown:

    Credit Score Range Classification Loan Options Available
    740+ Excellent All loan types; best rates
    700–739 Good All loan types; competitive rates
    660–699 Fair FHA, conventional (higher PMI), VA, USDA
    620–659 Below average FHA, VA, USDA; conventional possible with compensating factors
    580–619 Poor FHA (3.5% down), VA (no minimum), USDA (typically 640+)
    500–579 Very poor FHA with 10% down; limited lenders
    Below 500 Typically ineligible Focus on credit repair before applying

    FHA Loans: The Best Option for Low Credit Scores

    FHA loans are the primary path for buyers with credit scores below 620. The Federal Housing Administration insures these loans, which allows lenders to offer more flexible terms.

    Minimum requirements:

    • Credit score 580+: 3.5% minimum down payment
    • Credit score 500–579: 10% minimum down payment
    • Credit score below 500: Not eligible for FHA financing

    Not all lenders will approve FHA loans down to the 500 minimum. Many set their own overlay requirements at 580 or 600. New American Funding is one lender known for working with scores as low as 500 on FHA loans. See our full FHA loan requirements guide for complete details.

    VA Loans: No Minimum Score (For Eligible Veterans)

    The VA does not set a minimum credit score for VA loans. Individual lenders typically require 580–620, but some work with scores below that threshold. For eligible veterans, active-duty service members, and surviving spouses, a VA loan is often the best option regardless of credit score. See our VA loan guide for eligibility details.

    USDA Loans

    USDA loans do not have a formal minimum credit score, but in practice, most lenders require at least 640 for automated underwriting approval. Manual underwriting (slower but possible) may work for scores below 640. USDA loans are limited to eligible rural and some suburban areas. See our USDA loan guide for property eligibility maps.

    What Lenders Look at Beyond Credit Score

    A low credit score does not mean automatic denial. Lenders also evaluate:

    • Payment history: Recent on-time payments can outweigh an older low score
    • Debt-to-income ratio: Lower DTI compensates for lower credit scores in underwriting
    • Down payment size: More skin in the game reduces lender risk
    • Employment stability: Two-plus years with the same employer or in the same field
    • Cash reserves: Savings remaining after closing demonstrates financial stability
    • Explanation letters: A documented reason for past credit issues (medical bills, job loss) can help

    How to Improve Your Score Before Applying

    Even a 20–40 point improvement can move you from one credit tier to another, changing your available loan options and rate significantly. Fast-impact strategies:

    • Pay down revolving balances to below 30% of each card’s limit (below 10% for maximum impact)
    • Dispute inaccurate items on your credit report (request free reports at AnnualCreditReport.com)
    • Avoid closing old accounts, which reduces your average account age
    • Do not open new accounts in the 6–12 months before applying
    • Add yourself as an authorized user on a family member’s credit card with a long, clean history

    See our credit score requirements guide for more detail on what moves the needle fastest.

    Down Payment Assistance for Buyers With Lower Credit

    Many state and local HFA (Housing Finance Agency) programs offer down payment assistance grants and second loans specifically for first-time buyers with lower incomes and credit scores. These programs often layer on top of FHA loans. See our down payment assistance guide for state-by-state resources.

    Lender Comparison

    Lender Est. Rate Range Min Credit Score Min Down Payment Best For
    LendingTree Varies by lender 580 (FHA) / 620 (conv.) 3.5% (FHA) / 3% (conv.) Comparing multiple offers at once
    Rocket Mortgage Competitive market rates 580 (FHA) / 620 (conv.) 3.5% (FHA) / 1% (ONE+ program) Fast digital approval process
    Better.com Competitive market rates 620 3% Low-fee online experience
    New American Funding Competitive market rates 500 (FHA) / 620 (conv.) 3.5% (FHA) / 3% (conv.) Buyers with lower credit scores

    Bottom Line

    A credit score below 620 limits your options but does not eliminate them. FHA loans at 580+ with 3.5% down are the most accessible path. If you have more time, improving your score by even 20–40 points before applying can save tens of thousands over the life of the loan.

    Compare lenders on LendingTree — includes lenders that specialize in FHA loans for buyers with lower credit scores.

  • First-Time Home Buyer Mistakes to Avoid in 2026

    Buying your first home is one of the largest financial decisions you will make. Most mistakes are avoidable once you know what to watch for. Research shows the same errors come up repeatedly among first-time buyers, and they can cost thousands of dollars or derail a purchase entirely.

    Start with rate comparison before you fall in love with a home: Compare mortgage rates on LendingTree — knowing your real buying power prevents the biggest mistake on this list.

    Mistake 1: Not Getting Pre-Approved Before House Hunting

    Shopping for homes without a pre-approval letter is the fastest way to lose the home you want. In competitive markets, sellers often reject offers that are not backed by pre-approval. Beyond that, you may fall in love with a home priced above what you can actually borrow — wasting time and building false expectations.

    A pre-approval letter from a lender states a specific loan amount based on your verified income, credit score, and debts. It is different from pre-qualification, which is only an estimate based on unverified information. See our mortgage pre-approval guide for the full process.

    Mistake 2: Opening New Credit Accounts Before Closing

    Many first-time buyers celebrate their accepted offer by financing new furniture, buying a car, or opening store credit cards. This is a serious error. Lenders re-check your credit and debt-to-income ratio shortly before closing. New accounts or new debt can change your loan terms, raise your rate, or kill the loan entirely.

    From the moment you apply for a mortgage until the day you close, do not open new credit accounts, do not make large purchases on existing cards, and do not change jobs if you can avoid it.

    Mistake 3: Draining Your Savings for the Down Payment

    Putting every dollar toward a larger down payment seems financially responsible. In practice, showing up at closing with nothing left in reserves is risky. Lenders want to see post-closing reserves — typically two to six months of mortgage payments in savings. And homes have immediate expenses: moving costs, minor repairs, utilities setup, and unexpected maintenance.

    A 3.5% FHA down payment on a $300,000 home is $10,500. If that leaves you with $0 in savings, you are in a fragile position from day one.

    Mistake 4: Skipping the Home Inspection

    In competitive markets, some buyers waive the inspection to make their offer more attractive. This is one of the costliest decisions a first-time buyer can make. A professional inspection typically costs $300–$600 and can reveal foundation issues, roof problems, faulty wiring, HVAC failures, and other defects that cost far more to fix after purchase.

    Even if you waive the inspection contingency to compete, consider a pre-offer inspection on homes you are serious about.

    Mistake 5: Ignoring Total Monthly Costs

    Many buyers focus only on the principal and interest payment when calculating affordability. The real monthly cost includes:

    • Principal and interest (the mortgage payment)
    • Property taxes (often escrowed, $200–$800/month depending on location)
    • Homeowner’s insurance ($100–$250/month)
    • PMI if your down payment is below 20% (0.5–1.5% of loan annually)
    • HOA fees if applicable ($100–$500+/month)
    • Maintenance reserve (typically 1% of home value per year)

    A home with a $1,400 principal and interest payment can easily cost $2,000–$2,500/month all-in. Use our complete first-time buyer guide for a full affordability worksheet.

    Mistake 6: Choosing the Wrong Loan Type

    Not every buyer should choose an FHA loan, and not every buyer qualifies for a conventional loan. VA loans offer no-down-payment options for eligible veterans. USDA loans offer zero-down financing in rural areas. Conventional loans can be cheaper than FHA if your credit score is 720 or higher because you avoid the FHA mortgage insurance premium structure.

    Compare loan types side-by-side in our FHA vs. conventional vs. VA vs. USDA guide before choosing.

    Mistake 7: Only Getting One Mortgage Quote

    Research from the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau shows that borrowers who get at least two quotes save an average of $1,500 over the life of the loan, and those who get five quotes save $3,000 or more. Lender rates and fees vary significantly even for the same borrower profile.

    Compare multiple lender quotes on LendingTree with a single application — it takes minutes and can save thousands.

    Mistake 8: Not Understanding the Contract Before Signing

    Purchase agreements contain important deadlines, contingencies, and obligations. Missing an inspection deadline or financing contingency window can cost you your earnest money deposit — typically 1–3% of the purchase price. Read the contract carefully and ask your real estate agent to explain any terms you do not understand.

    Mistake 9: Letting Emotion Drive the Budget

    Falling in love with a specific home and stretching beyond your approved budget is a pattern that leads to financial stress after purchase. The mortgage industry has rules of thumb for a reason: total housing costs above 28–31% of gross monthly income leave little room for emergencies, retirement savings, or life changes like job loss.

    Lender Comparison

    Lender Est. Rate Range Min Credit Score Min Down Payment Best For
    LendingTree Varies by lender 580 (FHA) / 620 (conv.) 3.5% (FHA) / 3% (conv.) Comparing multiple offers at once
    Rocket Mortgage Competitive market rates 580 (FHA) / 620 (conv.) 3.5% (FHA) / 1% (ONE+ program) Fast digital approval process
    Better.com Competitive market rates 620 3% Low-fee online experience
    New American Funding Competitive market rates 500 (FHA) / 620 (conv.) 3.5% (FHA) / 3% (conv.) Buyers with lower credit scores

    Bottom Line

    The buyers who close successfully are the ones who prepare before shopping, protect their credit during the process, understand the true cost of ownership, and compare lenders rather than taking the first offer. None of these steps are complicated — they just require knowing what to watch for.

    Get pre-approved and compare rates on LendingTree to start your home buying process on the right foot.

  • The Home Buying Process Step by Step: A Complete Guide

    Buying a home for the first time can feel overwhelming — there are dozens of moving parts, multiple professionals involved, and thousands of dollars at stake. This step-by-step guide breaks the entire process down into clear, manageable stages so you know exactly what to expect and when.

    How Long Does It Take to Buy a House?

    The timeline from starting to search to getting keys varies widely. In a competitive market where you move quickly, the process from pre-approval to closing can take as little as 6-8 weeks. More commonly, first-time buyers spend 3-6 months total from initial preparation to closing.

    Step 1: Assess Your Financial Readiness (1-6 months before buying)

    Before anything else, get an honest picture of your finances:

    • Pull your free credit reports from all three bureaus at AnnualCreditReport.com
    • Check your credit scores (often available free through your bank or credit card)
    • Calculate your debt-to-income ratio
    • Tally your available savings for down payment and closing costs
    • Estimate how much you can comfortably pay monthly (not just what a lender will approve)

    If your credit needs work, this is the stage to dispute errors and pay down balances before applying for pre-approval.

    Step 2: Research First-Time Buyer Programs

    Before talking to lenders, research programs available in your state:

    • Your state’s Housing Finance Agency website
    • Local city and county homeownership programs
    • Federal programs (FHA, VA, USDA depending on your situation)
    • Employer assistance programs

    Knowing what programs exist helps you ask the right questions when you talk to lenders.

    Step 3: Get Pre-Approved

    Apply for mortgage pre-approval with at least 2-3 lenders. The pre-approval process involves:

    • Submitting income documents (W-2s, tax returns, pay stubs)
    • Providing bank statements and asset documentation
    • Authorizing a hard credit pull
    • Receiving a pre-approval letter stating your approved loan amount

    Get pre-approved before house hunting. It defines your budget and signals to sellers that you are a serious, qualified buyer. Shopping multiple lenders within a 2-week window minimizes credit score impact.

    Step 4: Find a Real Estate Agent

    A good buyer’s agent guides you through the purchase process at no cost to you — the seller typically pays both agent commissions. Look for an agent who:

    • Has experience with first-time buyers
    • Knows your target neighborhoods well
    • Has strong communication and responsiveness
    • Comes recommended by people you trust

    Interview 2-3 agents before choosing. Ask about their experience, how many buyers they currently represent, and how they will help you in a competitive market.

    Step 5: Define Your Home Criteria

    Before touring, get clear on your priorities:

    • Must-haves: Minimum bedrooms/bathrooms, school district, maximum commute time
    • Nice-to-haves: Garage, yard, specific neighborhood, home office
    • Deal-breakers: Highway noise, HOA, small lot, major deferred maintenance

    Stay disciplined about your must-haves and keep budget in mind. It is easy to creep upward in price when features are appealing.

    Step 6: Tour Homes and Make an Offer

    When you find the right home, your agent will help you make a competitive offer. Key components of an offer:

    • Purchase price
    • Earnest money deposit (typically 1-3% of the purchase price)
    • Contingencies: financing, inspection, appraisal
    • Proposed closing date
    • Any requests for seller credits or included items

    In a competitive market, your agent may recommend offering above list price, escalation clauses, or other terms to strengthen your offer. Understand the trade-offs before removing contingencies.

    Step 7: Have the Home Inspected

    Once your offer is accepted, schedule a home inspection promptly (usually within 7-14 days per the contract). The inspector examines:

    • Structure, foundation, and roof
    • HVAC, plumbing, and electrical systems
    • Water heater, appliances
    • Insulation, windows, doors
    • Signs of water damage, pest issues, mold

    Attend the inspection. Walk through with the inspector and ask questions. The inspection report becomes your leverage for negotiating repairs, price reductions, or seller credits for issues found.

    Step 8: Negotiate Repairs or Credits

    Based on inspection findings, you can:

    • Ask the seller to fix specific items before closing
    • Request a price reduction to offset repair costs
    • Ask for a seller credit at closing (reduces cash needed)
    • Accept the home as-is if issues are minor or already priced in

    Focus negotiation on major systems and safety issues. Minor cosmetic items are typically not worth negotiating over.

    Step 9: Complete the Mortgage Application

    With a signed purchase agreement in hand, your lender moves from pre-approval to formal loan application (underwriting). You will receive:

    • Loan Estimate (within 3 business days of application) — review this carefully
    • Requests for additional documentation — respond quickly
    • Rate lock option — locking your rate protects against increases before closing

    During underwriting, your lender verifies everything in your application, orders an appraisal, and performs title search. Be responsive to any requests for additional documents.

    Step 10: Get the Home Appraised

    Your lender orders a professional appraisal to confirm the home is worth at least the purchase price. If the appraisal comes in lower than the contract price:

    • You can negotiate the price down to the appraised value
    • You can pay the difference in cash (covers the “appraisal gap”)
    • The seller can refuse to lower the price and the deal may fall apart

    In hot markets, appraisal gaps are common. Discuss this scenario with your agent before you make an offer so you have a plan.

    Step 11: Conduct a Final Walk-Through

    Shortly before closing (usually 24-48 hours), do a final walk-through of the home to confirm:

    • All agreed repairs were completed
    • No new damage since the inspection
    • All items included in the sale (appliances, fixtures) are present
    • The home is in the expected condition

    If you find issues during the walk-through, notify your agent immediately — problems can be addressed before closing or at closing via a credit.

    Step 12: Close on the Home

    Closing day involves signing a large stack of documents, paying closing costs, and receiving the keys. You will receive a Closing Disclosure 3 business days before closing — review it carefully and compare it to your Loan Estimate.

    At closing you will pay:

    • Down payment (minus earnest money already deposited)
    • Closing costs (typically 2-5% of the loan amount)

    Closing typically takes 1-2 hours. After signing, the title company records the deed, and you receive keys. You are now a homeowner.

    After Closing

    • Keep all closing documents in a safe place
    • Set up automatic mortgage payments
    • File for homestead exemption (if available in your state — reduces property taxes)
    • Update your address with the post office, bank, employer, and IRS
    • Start building your home maintenance fund

    Bottom Line

    The home buying process has many steps, but each one is manageable with the right preparation and team. Start with your finances, get pre-approved early, work with an experienced agent, and stay organized throughout. The process rewards preparation — buyers who do their homework make stronger offers, face fewer surprises, and close with confidence.

  • Best Mortgage Lenders for First-Time Home Buyers in 2024

    Choosing the right mortgage lender is one of the most important decisions a first-time buyer makes. The lender you choose affects your interest rate, the loan programs available to you, how smoothly the process runs, and how much you pay in fees. Not all lenders are equal — and some specialize specifically in first-time buyers.

    What to Look for in a Mortgage Lender

    Before comparing specific lenders, understand what matters most:

    • Interest rates and APR: The rate determines your monthly payment and total interest paid. APR includes fees and reflects the true cost of the loan.
    • Loan programs offered: Does the lender offer FHA, VA, USDA, and conventional loans? What about state first-time buyer programs?
    • Minimum credit score requirements: Lenders set their own minimums (lender overlays) above FHA/conventional guidelines.
    • Down payment options: 3% conventional, 3.5% FHA, 0% VA/USDA?
    • Closing timeline: How fast can they close? Some lenders take 30-45 days; others can close in 21 days.
    • Customer service: Can you reach a real person? How responsive are they?
    • Origination fees and points: Lower rates sometimes come with higher fees.

    Types of Mortgage Lenders

    Online Lenders

    Online lenders like Rocket Mortgage and Better.com have transformed the mortgage industry with streamlined digital applications, fast pre-approvals, and round-the-clock access. They are excellent for buyers who are comfortable with technology and want a fast, transparent process.

    Traditional Banks

    Large banks like Chase, Bank of America, and Wells Fargo offer mortgages alongside other banking products. Existing customers sometimes get relationship discounts. Processes can be slower and less flexible than online lenders.

    Credit Unions

    Member-owned credit unions often offer competitive rates and personal service. You must typically be a member (which is often easy to join). Ideal if you value working with a local institution that knows your community.

  • Mortgage Brokers

    Brokers work with multiple lenders and can shop your application across dozens of options to find the best rate and terms. They earn a commission from the lender, not you. Particularly useful for borrowers with complex situations.

    Mortgage Banks

    These are lenders that only do mortgages — companies like loanDepot, Guaranteed Rate, and PennyMac. They often have competitive rates and efficient processes focused purely on home loans.

    Rocket Mortgage

    Rocket Mortgage (formerly Quicken Loans) is the largest mortgage lender in the United States by volume. Their fully digital process allows buyers to get pre-approved in minutes, upload documents through the app, and track loan progress online.

    • Offers FHA, VA, USDA, conventional, and jumbo loans
    • Strong support for first-time buyers including educational resources
    • Fast closing timelines
    • Higher fees than some competitors, but competitive rates
    • Excellent for buyers who want a streamlined digital experience

    LendingTree

    LendingTree is not a lender itself — it is a lending marketplace that connects borrowers with multiple lenders simultaneously. When you complete one application on LendingTree, you receive multiple competing offers, which is one of the most efficient ways to comparison shop for a mortgage.

    • One application generates multiple lender offers
    • Easy to compare rates and fees side by side
    • Covers all loan types
    • You may receive calls from multiple lenders after submitting
    • Excellent for buyers who want to see a range of options quickly

    Better.com

    Better is an online lender known for a completely digital, no-commission process. They do not pay loan officers commissions, which they claim allows them to offer lower rates. Their process is fast and transparent, with instant rate quotes and real-time pre-approval.

    • No origination fees on most loans
    • Digital-first experience with real-time rate lock
    • Offers conventional, FHA, jumbo, and VA loans
    • One Hour Mortgage pre-approval option
    • Best for tech-comfortable buyers prioritizing fee savings

    New American Funding

    New American Funding is a direct lender that prides itself on personalized service and approving borrowers that other lenders turn down. They use their own underwriting guidelines and frequently work with borrowers who have credit challenges.

    • Flexible underwriting — good for borrowers with lower credit scores or non-traditional income
    • Strong focus on first-time buyers and underserved communities
    • Offers FHA, VA, USDA, conventional, and specialty programs
    • Available in all 50 states
    • Bilingual support for Spanish-speaking borrowers

    State Housing Finance Agency Lenders

    Whatever lender you choose, ask whether they participate in your state’s Housing Finance Agency (HFA) programs. These programs offer below-market rates and down payment assistance — but they are only available through approved lenders. Not every lender participates, so confirm before you start the process.

    How to Compare Lenders Effectively

    1. Apply for pre-approval (or at minimum, get rate quotes) from at least three lenders on the same day
    2. Compare the Loan Estimate forms you receive — these standardized documents make it easy to compare rates, fees, and terms side by side
    3. Look at APR (not just interest rate) to compare total cost
    4. Ask each lender about first-time buyer programs and down payment assistance
    5. Check lender reviews on J.D. Power, Consumer Financial Protection Bureau complaint database, and Zillow

    Red Flags to Watch For

    • Lenders who pressure you to lock a rate before you have seen the Loan Estimate
    • Rates that seem impossibly low (often offset by high fees or points)
    • Lenders who are unresponsive during the pre-approval process — this often predicts poor service through closing
    • Large origination fees not offset by a meaningfully lower rate

    Bottom Line

    The best mortgage lender for you depends on your credit score, loan type, down payment, and comfort with digital processes. Shop at least three to five lenders, compare Loan Estimates carefully, and ask every lender about first-time buyer programs and state assistance options. The difference between the first quote you receive and the best quote available is often significant enough to justify the extra time spent comparing.

  • First-Time Home Buyer Tax Credits and Deductions Explained

    Buying your first home comes with several potential tax benefits. While the landscape has changed significantly since the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, there are still meaningful deductions and potential credits worth understanding before you file.

    Important Note on Current Tax Law

    The federal first-time home buyer tax credit (the $8,000 credit from 2008-2010) no longer exists in its original form. However, several proposals have circulated in Congress to revive something similar. At the time of writing, there is no active federal first-time buyer tax credit — but there are significant deductions, and some states have their own credits.

    Mortgage Interest Deduction

    This is the biggest potential tax benefit of homeownership. If you itemize deductions, you can deduct interest paid on mortgage debt up to $750,000 (for mortgages originated after December 15, 2017). For older mortgages, the limit is $1 million.

    How much does this save? On a $300,000 mortgage at 7%, you would pay about $20,900 in interest in year one. If your marginal tax rate is 22%, the deduction saves you $4,598 in taxes. In the 24% bracket, it saves $5,016.

    The catch: you only benefit if your total itemized deductions exceed the standard deduction. For 2024, the standard deduction is $14,600 for single filers and $29,200 for married couples filing jointly. Many homeowners with modest mortgages may find the standard deduction still exceeds their itemized total — especially in the early years of homeownership.

    Property Tax Deduction

    State and local property taxes (as well as state income taxes or sales taxes) are deductible under the SALT (State and Local Tax) deduction, but are capped at $10,000 combined ($5,000 if married filing separately).

    For homeowners in high-tax states (California, New York, New Jersey, Illinois), this cap is a significant limitation — you may pay $15,000+ in property taxes alone but can only deduct $10,000.

    Mortgage Points Deduction

    If you paid points (also called discount points) to lower your interest rate at closing, those points are generally deductible in the year paid — if they were used to buy your primary residence and meet IRS requirements. Points paid to refinance must be deducted over the life of the loan.

    One point equals 1% of the loan amount. On a $300,000 loan, one point is $3,000. If you paid 2 points to secure a lower rate, you may be able to deduct $6,000 in the year of purchase.

    Private Mortgage Insurance (PMI) Deductibility

    PMI deductibility has been inconsistently renewed by Congress and has expired at various points. Check with a tax professional or the IRS for the current status for your tax year, as this deduction has been reinstated and expired multiple times.

    Energy Efficiency Credits

    The Inflation Reduction Act created or expanded several energy-related tax credits that homeowners can claim:

    • Energy Efficient Home Improvement Credit: Up to $3,200 annually for improvements like insulation, windows, doors, heat pumps, and more. Each category has its own limit (e.g., $600 for windows, $2,000 for heat pumps).
    • Residential Clean Energy Credit: 30% tax credit through 2032 for solar panels, solar water heaters, battery storage, wind energy, and geothermal systems. No dollar cap on this credit.

    These credits apply to improvements made after closing, not the purchase itself, but they can significantly offset costs for buyers who plan to make energy upgrades.

    State-Level First-Time Buyer Credits

    Several states offer their own credits or deductions for first-time buyers:

    • Mortgage Credit Certificate (MCC): Available in many states through housing finance agencies. Converts a portion of your mortgage interest into a direct tax credit (rather than a deduction). The credit is typically 20-25% of annual mortgage interest, and you can claim it every year you have the mortgage. This is one of the most valuable programs available.
    • Illinois: Illinois Tax Credit for First-Time Home Buyers
    • Virginia: Mortgage Credit Certificate program

    Ask your lender about MCC programs when you apply for financing. Many states offer them, but they are accessed through approved lenders at the time of purchase — you cannot claim them retroactively.

    First-Time Buyer IRA Withdrawal Exception

    If you have a traditional IRA, the IRS allows you to withdraw up to $10,000 lifetime ($20,000 if both you and your spouse each have an IRA) without the 10% early withdrawal penalty for a first-time home purchase. You still pay ordinary income tax on the withdrawal — just not the penalty.

    Roth IRA contributions (not earnings) can be withdrawn at any time without penalty or tax. Earnings in a Roth IRA can be withdrawn penalty-free for a first-time home purchase after the account has been open at least five years.

    The IRS defines “first-time buyer” as not having owned a principal residence in the past two years — the same definition used by many assistance programs.

    What Is Not Deductible

    • The down payment itself
    • Homeowners insurance premiums
    • Moving expenses (except for certain military members)
    • HOA dues
    • Home improvements (though some may be added to cost basis, reducing capital gains when you sell)
    • Transfer taxes, title insurance, and most closing costs (though some may be partially deductible in certain situations)

    When Itemizing Makes Sense

    To benefit from the mortgage interest and property tax deductions, your total itemized deductions must exceed the standard deduction. Run the numbers:

    • Mortgage interest (year 1 of a $350,000 loan at 7%: ~$24,400)
    • Property taxes (capped at $10,000 combined with state income tax)
    • Charitable contributions
    • Other deductible expenses

    If that total exceeds your standard deduction, itemizing saves money. For many first-time buyers with smaller loans, the standard deduction may still win — especially after 2017’s tax law changes doubled it.

    Work with a Tax Professional

    Tax law changes frequently, and the interplay of credits, deductions, and phase-outs is complex. The first year you own a home is a good time to work with a CPA or tax professional to ensure you are capturing every benefit available. The cost of an accountant often pays for itself in recovered deductions.

    Bottom Line

    The primary tax benefits of homeownership are the mortgage interest deduction, property tax deduction, and state-level programs like Mortgage Credit Certificates. Whether these save you significant money depends on your loan size, tax rate, state, and whether you itemize. An MCC program — if available in your state — can provide ongoing annual tax savings throughout the life of your mortgage.